THE  INDIAN  RIGHTS  ASSOCIATION, 

1316  FILBERT  STREET,  PHILADELPHIA. 


1884. 


Allen,  Lane  & Scott,  Printers,  Philadelphia. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2017  with  funding  from 
Princeton  Theological  Seminary  Library 


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THE  INDIAN  RIGHTS  ASSOCIATION, 

1316  Filbert  Street,  Philadelphia. 


Objects  of  the  Indian  Rights  Association. 

THE  Indian  Rights  Association  is  an  organized  body,  com- 
posed of  citizens  of  the  United  States,  irrespective  of 
party  or  creed,  which  aims  to  secure  the  civilization  and  legal 
protection  of  the  Indians. 

It  aims  to  secure  for  these  “ Wards  of  the  Nation  ” educa- 
tion, law,  and  a protected  and  individual  title  to  land.  It 
aims  to  make  the  Indian  first  a man  and  then  a citizen,  subject 
to  the  responsibilities  and  endowed  with  the  privileges  ac- 
corded to  all  other  citizens  of  the  United  States.  This  Asso- 
ciation would  have . the  Government  adopt  toward  the  Indian 
a policy  wise,  firm,  and  continuous,  neither  capricious  nor 
vacillating,  cruel  nor  sentimental. 

It  recognizes  the  agency  and  reservation  system  only  as  a 
temporary  expedient,  which  must  in  time  be  completely  aban- 
doned as  the  Indian  shall  be  fitted  by  practical  training  to 
take  his  place  among  the  whites,  and  to  earn  his  bread  by  his 
own  labor. 

The  Association  is  in  hearty  sympathy  with  the  general 
policy  advanced  by  the  Indian  Bureau,  and  the  efforts  exerted 
by  it  for  the  education  and  civilization  of  the  Indians. 

It,  however,  fully  recognizes  the  important  fact  that  the  efforts 
of  the  executive  body  in  this  regard  are  sorely  hampered,  and  in 
many  instances  rendered  completely  abortive,  by  the  inert  or 
hostile  attitude  of  the  legislative.  By  means  of  bad  legislation, 
no  legislation  at  all,  and  inadequate  appropriations,  Congress 
frequently  ties  the  hands  of  the  Secretary  of  the  Interior  and 
of  Indian  Commissioner.  Therefore  the  great  object  of 
The  Indian  Rights  Association  is  to  affect  Congress  in  the 

(3) 


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only  way  in  which  that  body  can  be  affected — through  its 
constituency. 

The  pressure  of  business  upon  Congress  is  so  enormous 
that  measures  designed  for  the  welfare  of  the  Indian  cannot 
even  gain  a hearing,  unless  they  shall  be  emphasized  and  sup- 
ported by  the  demands  of  the  public  sentiment. 

In  the  past,  Indian  wrongs,  Indian  wars,  and  the  expenditure 
of  blood  and  money  which  they  entail,  have  resulted  mainly 
from  public  ignorance  regarding  them.  This  ignorance  is  now, 
to  some  extent,  but  by  no  means  entirely,  dissipated.  In  its 
appeal  to  the  people,  The  Indian  Rights  Association  has  there- 
fore adopted  the  following 

Methods  of  Work. 

It  aims  to  organize  similar  associations  in  the  principal 
cities  and  towns  of  the  country.  These  associations  are  in 
close  communication  with  the  Board  in  Philadelphia,  from 
which  they  receive  information  upon  all  important  events  and 
questions  concerning  the  work  of  the  Association.  They  are 
thus  enabled  to  enlighten  the  public  upon  Indian  affairs,  and 
to  bring  a direct  and  indirect  influence  to  bear  on  their  repre- 
sentatives in  Congress. 

The  Board  in  Philadelphia  constantly  sends  its  representa- 
tives to  the  widely-scattered  Indian  reservations  for  the  purpose 
of  getting  fresh  and  accurate  information.  Knowledge  thus 
obtained  is  rapidly  circulated  over  the  country  by  means  of 
newspaper  articles,  pamphlets,  public  addresses,  and  private 
conversation.  Such  information  is  also  of  great  value  in 
guiding  the  formal  policy  of  the  Association  in  determining 
its  course  in  advocating  or  opposing  measures  in  Congress 
which  affect  the  welfare  of  the  Indians. 

Outline  of  Work  done  by  the  Association  since  its 
Organization,  December  15TH,  1882. 

I.  Public  Information. 

1.  Addresses.  Above  100,000  persons  have  been  reached  by 
means  of  public  addresses  in  various  cities  and  States. 


5 

2.  Printed  pamphlets  have  been  issued  and  widely  distrib- 
uted, as  follows  : — 

Copies 

distributed. 

Impressions  of  Sioux  Tribes  in  1882,  with  a brief  Consideration  of 

the  Indian  Question.  By  Henry  S.  Pancoast, i,7°° 

Four  Weeks  among  some  of  the  Sioux  Tribes  of  Dakota  and  Ne- 
braska. By  Herbert  Welsh, 2,750 

Report  of  a Visit  to  the  Great  Sioux  Reserve.  By  Herbert  Welsh,  2,950 
Report  of  a Visit  to  the  Southwest.  By  Gen.  S.  C.  Armstrong,  of 

Hampton  School,  Va., 1,250 

Report  of  Mohonk  Conference, 1,200 

Annual  Report  of  Indian  Rights  Association,  . 1,000 

Law  for  the  Indian,  with  Appendix.  By  Henry  S.  Pancoast,  . . 350 

In  all, 11,200 

Newspaper  articles  also  have  been  published  in  various 
papers  and  in  different  cities. 

3.  Visits  to  Reservations  and  Indian  Country.  Six  journeys 

have  been  made  by  the  representatives  of  the  Association  to 
various  parts  of  the  Indian  country.  Through  these  visits 
the  Sioux  of  Dakota,  many  tribes  resident  in  the  Indian 
Territory,  the  Apaches,  Navajos,  Pueblos,  Pimas,  Hulapais, 

Maricopas  of  Arizona  and  New  Mexico,  have  been  reached. 
The  most  valuable  results  have  followed  the  careful  investiga- 
tions which  the  representatives  of  the  Association  have  made 
among  the  tribes  mentioned.  • Among  other  results  may  be 
noted  the  aid  the  Association  was  able  to  render  in  the  mat- 
ter of  the  Sioux  agreement  (see  III.,  1,  2),  and  the  Santee  land 
claims. 


II.  Legislation  and  Legal  Matters. 

1.  Bill  for  land  in  severalty  prepared  by  a non-member, 
advocated  by  Indian  Rights  Association,  and  presented  to 
Congress  through  Senator  Dawes.  Passed  Senate,  and  will 
be  pressed  before  House  this  winter. 

2.  Bill  for  Introducing  Law  on  Reservations , prepared  by 
Committee  on  Law,  will  be  pressed  this  winter. 

3.  Bill  of  Senator  Dawes , to  open  Sioux  Reservation.  Ap- 
proved by  ex-Commissioner,  and  resolution  to  press  it.  Now 
before  Congress. 


6 


III.  Proper  Execution  of  Law , and  General  Work. 

1.  Sioux  Agreement.  This  was  a measure  to  open  the 
Sioux  reservation,  &c.  Many  of  its  provisions  were  objection- 
able. Signatures  to  the  agreement  were  improperly  obtained. 
The  Indian  Rights  Association  was  instrumental  in  blocking 
the  measure  and  securing  appointment  of  investigating  com- 
mittee. (See  Report  of  Visit  to  Sioux  Reserve.) 

2.  Taking  claims  by  Indians.  Assistance  was  rendered  to 
the  Santee  Sioux,  who  had  this  right  under  special  enact- 
ment. 

3.  Starving  Indians.  Money  sent  them  through  Mrs.  General 
Crook,  at  her  request. 

4.  Securing  increased  appropriations  ; taken  up  at  request  of 
Secretary  Teller,  January,  1884.  Petitions  were  prepared, 
signed  by  leading  men,  and  sent  to  each  member  of  Congress 
by  their  constituents,  or  through  the  Indian  Rights  Associa- 
tion. The  appropriations  were  increased. 

The  above  outline  merely  indicates  the  work,  which  appears 
more  in  detail  in  the  annual  report,  and  other  publications  of 
the  Association.  This  large  and  important  work  has  been 
conducted  with  extreme  economy,  the  total  expenditure  shown 
by  the  first  annual  report  being  $1 767.77. 

The  increased  work  of  the  Association  demands  a largely- 
increased  expenditure.  To  properly  carry  on  its  work,  the 
•Association  should  have  an  income  of  at  least  $5000.  To  en- 
able the  Association  to  do'  what  it  has  now  every  opportunity 
of  doing,  the  list  of  members  must  be  largely  increased,  and 
the  work  sustained  by  more  general  contributions. 

Persons  desiring  to  become  members,  should  send  their 
names  to  Herbert  Welsh,  1316  Filbert  street,  Philadelphia, 
or  to  any  member  of  the  Executive  Committee.  Contribu- 
tions should  be  send  to  C.  Stuart  Patterson,  Esq.,  38  South 
Third  street,  Philadelphia,  or  to  Herbert  Welsh,  at  his  above 
address. 


The  following  letter,  addressed  by  General  Crook  to  Herbert  Welsh,  the  cor- 
responding secretary  of  the  Indian  Rights  Association,  will  interest  all  who  de- 
sire to  know  a soldier’s  view  of  the  Indian  question.  It  presents  a hopeful 
outlook  for  the  Indian,  if  public  sentiment  throughout  the  country  shall  cou- 
rageously demand  for  him  civil  rights  and  the  benefits  of  practical  education. 
These  benefits  the  Indian  Rights  Association  aims  to  secure  in  behalf  of  a peo- 
ple too  weak  to  help  themselves.  Will  you  exert  your  influence  with  your  rep- 
resentatives in  Washington  toward  this  end?  The  inertness  of  the  members  of 
Congress  in  regard  to  this  question  is  due  to  the  indifference  and  ignorance  ot 
the  people  of  the  United  States  concerning  the  wrongs  of  the  Indian  and  the 
means  that  should  be  taken  to  right  them.  Will  you  not  communicate  with 
your  representatives  on  this  subject  ? If  they  prove  to  be  ignorant  regarding 
it,  and  therefore  hostile  to  the  civilization  of  the  Indians,  seek  to  place  them  in 
possession  of  such  reliable  information  as  may  be  found  in  the  publications  of 
the  Indian  Rights  Association. 

Address  Herbert  Welsh,  Corresponding  Secretary  Indian  Rights  Association, 
No.  1316  Filbert  street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

Contributions  designed  to  aid  the  prosecution  of  the  work  of  the  Association 
may  be  sent  to  the  above  address. 


[Extract  from  Harper's  Weekly , New  York , Saturday , August 30th,  1884.) 

GENERAL  CROOK  UPON  THE  APACHES. 


Headquarters  Department  of  Arizona, 
Whipple  Barracks,  Prescott,  July  16th,  1884. 

My  Dear  Mr.  Welsh  : — The  best  answer  to  the  questions  contained  in  your 
communication  of  the  23d  ult.  would  be  found  in  a recital  of  the  facts  which 
careful  and  impartial  investigation  could  not  fail  to  develop  in  regard  to  the 
Chiracahua  and  other  Apaches.  Until  such  an  investigation,  deep,  systematic, 
and  perfectly  unbiased,  can  be  made  by  yourself  or  some  other  member  of  your 
association,  I ask  that  some  consideration  be  given  to  the  few  remarks  I wish  to 
make  in  their  behalf. 

It  is  not  to  be  denied  that  the  Apache  is  the  fiercest  and  most  formidable  of 
all  our  Indians  when  upon  the  war-path.  Opinions  may  differ  as  to  the  place  in 
the  scale  of  intelligence  the  Apache  should  occupy,  but  there  is  no  diversity'  of 
sentiment— at  least  not  among  army  officers — as  to  the  skill  and  cunning  with 
which  this  Indian  conducts  all  warlike  operations.  Speaking  for  myself,  after  a 


somewhat  extended  experience  of  over  thirty-two  years’  duration  with  the  vari- 
ous Indian  tribes  from  British  America  to  Mexico,  from  the  Missouri  river  to  the 
Pacific  Ocean,  I do  not  hesitate  to  put  the  Apache  at  the  very  head  for  natural 
intelligence  and  discernment.  He  knows  his  rights,  and  is  not  afraid  to  main- 
tain them.  Were  he  a Greek  or  a Roman,  we  should  read  with  pride  and  en- 
thusiasm of  his  determination  to  die  rather  than  suffer  wrong  ; but  looking  at  him 
as  a native  of  our  own  soil,  and  as  the  feeble  barrier  which  stands  between  our- 
selves and  the  silver  mines  or  coal  measures  supposed  to  exist  on  his  reserva- 
tion, it  is  not  always  possible  to  do  justice  to  his  virtues,  or  to  consider  his 
faults  as  identical  with  those  of  which  we  ourselves  should  be  guilty  under  sim- 
ilar provocation. 

We  have  now  on  the  White  Mountain,  commonly  known  as  the  San  Carlos 
Reservation,  a body  of  Apaches  and  affiliated  tribes  numbering  almost  exactly  five 
thousand  souls.  Of  these  the  Chiracahua  Apaches  number  five  hundred  and 
twelve,  of  whom  one  hundred  and  twenty-nine  are  warriors  and  half-grown 
boys.  I shall  limit  my  remarks  to  this  band,  because  it  is  the  one  which  I fol- 
lowed into  the  Sierra  Madre,  in  Mexico,  just  a year  ago  ; and,  being  the  very 
last  body  of  American  Indians  to  come  in  from  the  war-path,  the  improve- 
ment effected  in  the  past  few  months  in  the  condition  of  its  members  will 
be  the  most  satisfactory  evidence  upon  which  to  base  the  hope  we  may  en- 
tertain for  the  future  of  any  of  the  aborigines.  With  the  exception  of  infant 
children  and  a very  few  broken-down  old  men  and  women,  every  one  of  these 
Apaches,  of  both  sexes,  is  now  hard  at  work  trying  to  make  a crop. 

I am  happy  to  say  that  all  the  reports  received  from  the  military  officers  in 
charge  of  them  are  of  the  most  encouraging  character.  Unless  some  totally 
unexpected  bad  weather  prevent,  they  will  raise  a great  quantity  of  cereals  and 
vegetables,  and  will,  besides,  be  in  a condition  to  sell  for  cash  to  the  quarter- 
master’s department  a great  share  of  the  barley,  corn,  hay,  and  fuel  consumed 
by  the  troops  in  the  posts  nearest  them.  I expect  that  this  year  all  or  nearly  all 
the  articles  named  required  by  the  garrisons  of  San  Carlos  and  Fort  Apache  will 
be  supplied  by  the  Apaches.  In  having  this  done,  two  objects  are  gained — the 
Apache  is  kept  from  idleness,  and  is  made  a producer.  No  sermon  that  was 
ever  preached  on  the  dignity  of  labor  could  imprint  upon  the  savage  mind  the 
impression  received  when  he  sees  that  work  means  money , and  that  the  exact 
measure  of  his  industry  is  to  be  found  in  his  pocket-book.- . . . He  recognizes 
at  once  that  our  regulative  system  is  well  adapted  for  the  preservation  of  prop- 
erty, or  the  preservation  of  order,  which  is  almost  the  same  thing,  consequently 
he  accepts  and  imitates  with  scrupulous  fidelity  the  simpler  forms  of  our  judicial 
proceedings  in  dealing  with  offenders  in  his  own  tribe.  An  enlightened  self-in- 
terest begins  to  dawn,  and  to  teach  him  that  intemperance  and  industry  cannot 
exist  in  the  same  camp.  He  promptly  accedes  to  the  suggestions  that  the  man- 
ufacture of  his  favorite  liquor,  “tizwin,”  be  stopped,  and  that  the  corn  once 
used  for  this  purpose  be  sold  for  money  or  ground  into  meal.  Then  he  begins 
to  see  how  great  is  the  money  value  of  his  squaw’s  labor,  and  no  difficulty  is  ex- 
perienced in  doing  away  with  the  ferocious  custom  of  slashing  off  a poor  wife’s 
nose,  every  time  that  a drunken  maniac  imagines  he  has  some  cause  for  jealousy. 
This  is  not  a fancy  sketch,  but  an  accurate  recital  of  what  was  done  for  all  the 
Apaches  in  1873,  ’74*  and  *75,  and  what  is  now  going  on  among  the  Chiracahua 
band.  I am  not  going  beyond  the  limits  of  an  exact  narrative  when  I express 
the  opinion  that  had  the  Apaches  been  permitted  to  continue  in  the  path  of  civ- 
ilization and  progress  in  which  I placed  them  in  the  years  mentioned,  many  of 
them  would  by  this  time  have  been  fairly  well  qualified  for  the  elective  franchise ; 
or.  in  any  event,  instead  of  being  dependent  upon  the  Government  for  support 
they  would  have  been  contributing  appreciably  to  the  general  prosperity. 

Upon  being  reassigned  to  command  the  department  of  Arizona  I found  that 
all  that  had  been  accomplished  with  so  much  patient  labor  had  been  destroyed, 
and  almost  all  trace  of  it  had  been  obliterated.  From  the  simple,  pathetic  story 


of  the  Apaches  I gathered  that  they  had  been  systematically  and  outrageously 
plundered  by  a gang  of  sharks  thinly  disguised  as  Indian  agents  and  others. 
The  Indians  had  about  lost  all  confidence  in  our  Government,  and  were  on  the 
brink  of  an  outbreak,  which  would  have  cost  us  heavily  in  the  losses  we  should 
have  had  to  suffer,  and  still  more  heavily  in  the  taxes  we  should  have  had  to 
pay  for  its  suppression.  In  this  exigency  there  was  only  one  thing  to  be  done. 
I personally  visited  the  various  bands,  including  those  already  on  the  war-path, 
and  assured  them  that  the  people  of  the  United  States  were  not  in  sympathy 
with  the  rascals  of  whom  they  complained,  but  were  sincerely  desirous  of  doing 
full  justice  to  the  Indians,  and  I asked  them,  if  they  had  any  confidence  left  in 
me,  and  if  they  believed  that  I would  act  toward  them  just  exactly  as  if  they 
were  white  men,  to  remain  at  peace  until  an  adjustment  of  their  wrongs  could 
be  effected. 

With  the  Chiracahuas,  progress,  as  might  be  expected,  is  rapid,  because, 
being  brought  in  contact  with  the  more  civilized  branches  of  their  tribe,  they 
see  at  a glance  how  much  they  have  improved,  and  endeavor  to  emulate  them 
without  obliging  us  to  reason  carefully  and  patiently  at  every  step.  Had  they 
been  isolated  from  the  other  bands,  as  was  last  year  seriously  advocated  by 
many  well-meaning  persons,  this  improvement  could  not  have  been  effected  in 
years.  One  word  more  upon  this  subject.  In  dealing  with  the  Apache,  gen- 
tleness, patience,  intelligence,  truth,  and  honesty  are  essentials.  But  he  should 
be  led  to  perceive  that  gentleness  is  not  inspired  by  fear,  and  that  we  possess 
the  power  to  compel  obedience  to  the  new  regulations  which  are  presented  to 
his  self-interest.  There  are  always  to  be  found  in  every  community  turbulent 
or  unruly  spirits  who  resist  innovation,  and  are  prone  to  antagonize  restraint  or 
discipline  of  any  kind.  For  such  persons,  imprisonment  or  other  punishment 
must  be  provided,  but  always  in  such  a manner  that  the  sense  of  the  tribe  will 
admit  that  the  punishment  is  fully  deserved. 

It  was  for  years  a matter  of  reflection  to  me  how  best  to  attain  the  end  de- 
sired. With  some  misgivings,  I adopted  the  plan  of  arranging  before  native 
juries  offenders  charged  with  misdemeanors  and  petty  crimes  against  members 
of  their  own  tribe.  These  juries  were  primarily  instructed  by  army  officers 
with  elementary  principles  of  law  and  legal  procedure.  They  showed  them- 
selves apt  scholars,  and  fully  impressed  with  the  importance  of  the  trust  con- 
fided in  them,  their  investigations  have  in  every  case  been  thorough,  the  pun- 
ishment awarded  adequate  and  prompt,  and  the  results  beneficial  beyond  my 
anticipations.  It  has  never  been  so  much  as  hinted  that  one  of  the  Apache 
jurymen  has  taken  a bribe  or  gratuity  of  any  kind,  in  which  respect  they  are 
still  behind  their  more  civilized  brethren  ; but  with  time  all  the  improvements 
of  nineteenth-century  jurisprudence  can  be  introduced. 

Having  given  you  this  brief  account  of  their  present  condition,  I will  help 
you  to  form  some  conclusion  as  to  the  future  of  the  Apaches.  During  my  re- 
cent trip  to  the  San  Carlos  I had  conferences  with  all  the  bands.  The  requests 
they  had  to  make  were  that  they  should  be  provided  more  fully  with  farming 
implements  ; that  they  should  be  allowed  to  buy  breeding  cows  from  the 
ranch-men  living  near  the  reservation  ; that  their  children  should  be  educated  ; 
that  they  should  have  stores  in  which  they  would  not  have  to  pay  the  extortion- 
ate prices  now  demanded  for  calico,  sugar,  and  every  other  purchase ; that  they 
should  have  a grist-mill  erected  for  turning  their  grain  into  meal,  and  they 
should  pay  the  cost  in  tolls  to  be  levied  on  their  grist.  When  the  Great  Father 
does  that,  says  an  old  chief,  he  need  not  give  us  any  more  rations,  because  we 
can  raise  everything  ourselves.  And  lastly,  they  pleaded  for  the  return  from 
captivity,  in  which  they  are  now  held  in  Chihuahua,  of  the  children  taken  from 
them  by  the  Mexican  forces.  The  Apaches  made  a very  strong  argument, 
where,  indeed,  no  argument  was  needed,  to  show  that  both  the  Government 
and  themselves  would  be  gainers  by  a system  which  gave  the  producer  the 
greatest  possible  amount  of  money  for  his  products  in  his  own  fields  and  at  his 


own  door.  “ It  is  not  good,”  said  one,  “ that  we  should  sell  our  grain  for  two 
and  three  cents  a pound,  and  then  turn  round  and  pay  nine  cents  for  flour. 
Put  up  for  us  a little  mill  to  be  run  by  water,  and  we  can  save  more  money. 
Once  I was  always  glad  to  go  on  the  war-path  and  steal  stock  ; now,  when  I 
hear  the  silver  dollars  jingling  in  my  pocket,  I am  contented  and  happy.” 
There  are  several  responsible  white  men  who  are  willing  to  put  up  such  a mill, 
and  grind  the  Apache  wheat  for  toll,  which,  in  my  judgment,  is  the  best  ar- 
rangement that  could  be  made. 

Regarding  the  restitution  of  the  captive  children,  it  must  be  plain  to  any 
comprehension  that  the  Apaches  will  always  have  a cause  of  grievance  against 
the  Mexicans  so  long  as  those  members  of  their  tribe  are  retained,  and  their 
restitution  would  remove  the  last  vestige  of  an  excuse  the  most  unruly  of  them 
would  have  for  urging  a resumption  of  hostilities.  This  statement  has  already 
become  too  long,  perhaps,  but  1 will  add  to  it  my  firm  belief  that  there  is  not 
in  your  own  State  of  Pennsylvania  a village  of  the  same  population  more 
peaceable  and  law-abiding  than  the  five  thousand  Apaches  on  the  San  Carlos 
Reservation. 


Very  respectfully, 


GEORGE  CROOK, 
Brigadier- General  U.  S.  Army. 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  ASSOCIATION. 


PRESIDENT. 

Hon.  WAYNE  MacVEAGH. 

VICE-PRESIDENT. 

Dr.  JAMES  E.  RHOADS. 

RECORDING  SECRETARY. 

CHARLES  E.  PANCOAST. 

CORRESPONDING  SECRETARY. 

HERBERT  WELSH. 

TREASURER. 

C.  STUART  PATTERSON, 

38  South  Third  street,  Phila. 
COMMITTEE  ON  FINANCE. 

Thomas  Stewardson,  W.  W.  Frazier, 

Philip  C.  Garrett,  Wistar  Morris, 

, William  Drayton. 

COMMITTEE  ON  LAW. 

Henry  S.  Pancoast,  Thomas  Stewardson, 

Richard  C.  Dale,  Charles  M.  Hough, 

J.  Rodman  Paul. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PUBLIC  INFORMATION. 

Herbert  Welsh,  J.  Topliff  Johnson, 

Charles  E.  Pancoast,  Rev.  H.  L.  Wayland, 

A.  E.  OuTERBRIDGE,  Jr. 

COMMITTEE  ON  PROPER  EXECUTION  OF  LAWS. 

Dr.  James  E.  Rhoads,  Hon.  Wayne  MacVeagh, 

Effingham  B.  Morris,  Clement  M.  Biddle, 

Jos.  B.  Townsend. 


